Springcloud Gateway 简单使用

网关：

• 无注册中心的服务，配置服务列表健康检查
• 注册中心服务配置路由

springcloud gateway 无注册中心的负载均衡，配置健康检查实时获取实例状态

新建项目

1. 在线新建：https://start.spring.io/
2. IDEA 新建

目录如下：

opengateway
├── pom.xml
├── src
│   ├── main
│   │   ├── java
│   │   │   └── com
│   │   │       └── gateway
│   │   │           └── Application.java
│   │   └── resources
│   │       ├── application-dev.yml
│   │       └── bootstrap.yml

选择组件，对应pom 文件如下：

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.weiyimu.opengateway</groupId>
    <artifactId>opengateway</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>opengateway</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
        <easy-captcha.version>1.6.2</easy-captcha.version>
        <fastjson.version>1.2.79</fastjson.version>
        <nacos.version>2021.1</nacos.version>
        <sentinel.version>2021.1</sentinel.version>
    </properties>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-circuitbreaker-resilience4j</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!--常用工具类 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--验证码-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.whvcse</groupId>
            <artifactId>easy-captcha</artifactId>
            <version>${easy-captcha.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--fastjson-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
            <artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
            <version>3.18.2</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--启动nacos配置管理-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <version>${nacos.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--nacos 客户端 配置中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
            <version>${nacos.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- sentinel
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
            <version>${sentinel.version}</version>
        </dependency>
         -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                    <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

启动类

Application.java

package com.gateway;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

}

配置文件

bootstap.yml 配置，接入nacos注册配置中心

server:
  port: 7080
# Spring配置
spring:
  codec:
    max-in-memory-size: 10MB  ## 出现DataBufferLimitException: Exceeded limit on max bytes to buffer :262144
  application:
    name: opengateway
  profiles:
    active: dev
  #日期格式化
  jackson:
    date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
    time-zone: GMT+8
  cloud:
#    sentinel:
#      transport:
#        dashboard: 127.0.0.1:8080
    gateway:
      metrics:
        enabled: true
      # 配置全局 http 超时
      httpclient:
        connect-timeout: 30000
        response-timeout: 5s
      discovery:
        locator:
          lower-case-service-id: true
    nacos:
      server-addr: localhost:8848
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      discovery:
        namespace: dev
        watch-delay: 15000 # 拉取配置中心服务的时间间隔
      config:
        namespace: dev
        name: opengateway
        #group: DEFAULT_GROUP 自定义需要修改
        file-extension: YAML

management:
  metrics:
    tags:
      application: ${spring.application.name}
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"
        # 开启指定端点
        #include: "health,info,gateway,metrics"
logging:
  level:
    root: info
    org.springframework.boot: info
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway: info
    org.springframework.cloud.loadbalancer: debug
    com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming: ERROR
    com.netflix: info
  file:
    path: ./log/opengateway.log
  logback:
    rollingpolicy:
      max-history: 7
      max-file-size: 100MB

配置无注册中心的服务 application.yml （不接入配置中心则放置在resources）

配置放在nacos dataId opengateway

### 配置无注册中心的服务，加入监控检查
spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: online #路由名 
          uri: lb://online # 服务名
          predicates:
            - Path=/online/**
          filters:
            - StripPrefix=1
          metadata: # 单个服务请求超时时间
            - connect-timeout=180000
            - response-timeout=180000          
        - id: openapi #路由名
          uri: lb://openapi #服务名对应注册中心服务名
          predicates:
            - Path=/openapi/** # 通过网关访问的地址路径
          filters:
            - StripPrefix=1 # 路径从第几个开始      
          metadata: # 单个服务请求超时时间
            - connect-timeout=180000
            - response-timeout=180000            
    discovery:
      client:
        simple:
          instances:  ## 服务发现实力列表，无注册中心服务实例的地址，新增或删除服务需要手动维护这个列表
            online[0]:
              uri: http://10.20.201.113:8080
            online[1]:
              uri: http://10.20.201.118:8080
            online[2]:
              uri: http://127.0.0.1:7080

    loadbalancer:
      service-discovery:
        timeout: 9000
      configurations: health-check # 启用health-check
      ## 全局
      health-check:
        initial-delay: 3s
      clients:  ## 服务发现无注册中心服务的实例（实例列表）健康检查
        online: # 单个服务指定服务名
          health-check:
            interval: 30s
            initial-delay: 1s
            refetch-instances-interval: 5s
            path:
              online: /serviceEndpoint/json